http://www.sunnah.org/events/srilanka/fiqh_of_janazah.htm
THE SHAFI'I BOOK OF ISLAMIC JANAZAH (JANAZAH
SHAFI'I MADHAB)
1. WHAT TO DO WHEN A PERSON IS SEVERELY ILL
Almighty Allah states in the Glorious Quran:
"Every soul must taste Death". (Surah
Aale Imraan: Verse 185)
The Holy Prophet Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi
wasallam) has stated: "Allah says, 'I have nothing to give but Paradise as
a reward to my believer slave, who, if I cause his dear friend (or relative) to
die, remains patient (and hopes for Allah's reward).'" (Abu Hurairah -
Bukhari)
Death is something that everyone has to face. It
is Sunnat-e-Mu'akkadah to remember death at all times. A Muslim must always be
prepared for death. Death can come at anytime. When it is established that a
person is in the last stages of his life, the following should be done:-
1.1 He or she should be made to lie facing the
direction of the Qibla, lying on his or her right side. If this is not
possible, then it is sufficient to let the person lie on his or her back with
the face and soles of the feet facing the direction of Qibla.
1.2 When doing this, the person's head should be
lifted slightly to allow the face to be directed towards the Qibla.
1.3 In the last moments, Surah Yaseen and the
Tasbih "Laa ilaaha ilal laa" should be recited near the person
continuously.
1.4 The Kalima should be read in front of him or
her, but he or she should not be commanded to recite the Kalima.
1.5 If the dying person is a minor (Na Baaligh),
and able to distinguish between right and wrong, then too, Kalima should be
recited before him or her.
1.6 If the person speaks or makes any other
Dhikr, then he or she should be reminded to recite the Kalima. This will ensure
that the Kalima is his or her last words.
1.7 A person who is ill or who is dying should
always be given hope that Almighty Allah is Most Merciful and Forgiving. They
should be reminded to have faith in Almighty Allah at all times and that His
infinite mercy will pardon all sins.
1.8 If a person shows despair or is not confident
about the Mercy of Allah, then it is compulsory to give that person hope.
2. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE WHEN A PERSON PASSES AWAY
2.1 When a person passes away, his or her eyes
should be closed immediately.
2.2 Tie a piece of cloth (material) from the chin
to the head. This is to keep the mouth from remaining open.
2.3 Cover him or her with a sheet.
Make preparations for the Ghusl (Bath), Kaffan,
Burial order, Janazah Salaah and the actual burial. These acts for the deceased
are all "Fard-i-Kifaayah" (A compulsory action which is to be
performed by all, however if a few persons perform these duties, then the
responsibility is waived off the others. If these are not carried out by
anyone, then all responsible are sinners).
All expenses for the deceased must be taken from
the estate of the deceased. If the deceased did not have any such estate, then
the responsibility is on his next of kin, eg. father, mother, sons, brothers,
etc. If none of these relatives are available, or if they are too poor, then
the expenses should come from the organisation responsible for the welfare of
the community. If no such organisation is in existence, then every member of
the congregation must contribute towards the expenses incurred to the best of
their means.
The body of the deceased must be covered with a
cloth (Sheet) before removing his or her clothing. Those people who remove the
clothes, must be careful not to allow the Satr-i-Awrah (parts that are Fard to
be covered - navel to knee for men, and from the neck to ankles for women) to
be uncovered. After this has been done, proceed with the Ghusl of the deceased.
3. IMPORTANT LAWS RELATING TO THE DECEASED
Before explaining the method of Ghusl, please
take note of a few important Masaa'il (Islamic laws) relating to the deceased.
These are:
3.1 Where there is a shortage of water for some
reason or the other, wash the entire body of the deceased at least once.
3.2 When washing the back, the deceased should
not be made to lie on the stomach, as this is prohibited.
3.3 The Niyyah (Intention) for the Ghusl should
be read. The Niyyah must be recited when the water is being poured on the head.
3.3.1 The Niyyah for a male is:
Nawaytu an aghsila haadhal Mayyati
"I make Niyyah (intention) to bathe this
deceased male"
3.3.2 The Niyyah for a female is:
Nawaytu an aghsila Hadhihil mayyata
"I make Niyyah (intention) to bathe this
deceased female"
3.4 Only males are allowed to give the ghusl to a
male, and females for the female deceased. However, if there are no men present,
then the wife of the deceased may perform his Ghusl. If she is not present,
then any other female relative (Mahram) may perform the Ghusl. If none of the
Mahaarim are present then a non-Mahram (a non-relative women) should perform
the Tayammum only and not the Ghusl. In such circumstances, the Tayammum is
sufficient.
3.5 If there is no female to give Ghusl to the
deceased of a female, then the very same law will apply. If no close female
relative or women is available, then her husband, grandfather or brother may
perform the Ghusl. If none of them are available, then only Tayammum should be
performed by a non-Mahram male.
4. THE GHUSL (BATH) FOR THE DECEASED
NB: Prepare enough luke warm water for the Ghusl.
4.1. The deceased must be made to lie on a raised
platform in a closed room.
4.2 The first aspect of Ghusl is to perform the
ISTINJA (removal of all internal and external Najaasat).
4.2.1 The deceased must be made to lie in such a
manner, that the head is slightly tilted to the back.
4.2.2 The right hand should be placed behind the
neck in such a manner, that the thumb supports the nape, so that the neck does
not fall backwards completely.
4.2.3 The lower back should be supported by the
right knee, and using the left hand, massage the stomach gently to release any
impurities.
4.2.4 The deceased should then be made to lie
flat.
4.2.5 A piece of material (doing the job of a
glove) must be placed over the left hand of the person conducting the Ghusl.
4.2.6 Using the left hand in gloves (which must
be wet, to allow the Najaasat to be cleaned out properly), wash any impurity of
the private parts thoroughly.
4.2.7 If the Najaasat was not removed the first
time, then a new cloth must be used to clean the impurities for the second
time.
4.2.8 When performing the Ghusl, two persons must
be responsible for washing the upper body, and one person for the lower body.
4.3 Now that the Istinja has been completed, WUDU
(ablution) should be given to the deceased. First, make the Niyah which is as
follows:
Nawaytul wudu'al masnoona li haadhal (haadhihil)
mayyiti (mayyita)
"I make intention for Sunnat wudu for this
deceased male (female)".
4.4 Firstly, wash the body with soap and water to
remove any dirt or external impurities.
4.5 Clean the teeth and the nasal passages
(nostrils) with a soft wet cloth (or cotton wool).
4.6 After this has been done, the complete Wud`u
must be given. Do not be put water into the mouth and the nostrils, since these
parts have already been washed with the cotton wool.
4.7 The head and the right-hand side of the body
must first be washed. The deceased must then be made to lie on the left-hand
side, so that the back of the right-hand side can also be properly washed.
4.8 The deceased must then be turned onto the
right-hand side, so that the back of the left-hand side is washed.
4.9 After washing with soap, water must be poured
over the body in such a manner that all the soap is removed.
4.10 The actual Ghusl is when water is poured
over the entire body. Water should be poured starting from the head, then onto
the entire front of the body, followed by the right back portion and then the
left back portion. It must be remembered that all portions must be washed
thrice (3 times).
NOTE: It is wajib but not a rukn to avoid
revealing/seeing the `awra (private parts) of the deceased even for those
washing him/her (satr al-`awra). The washers should cover the body with a cloth
and wash the private parts under the cloth.
i.e. the ghasl or ghusl is valid although a sin would be committed if
the washer saw/touched the `awra without cover for the dead nor hand-cover for
him/herself; and in the Hanafi madhhab it is only makruh for the secondary
`awra and haram only for the primary i.e. between the navel and knees. And
Allah knows best.
4.11 When complete Ghusl is performed, lastly
throw camphor water on the entire body.
4.12 It is preferable to burn incense sticks
(agarbati) or lobaan during the Istinja, and to pour much water over the body
to avoid odour.
4.13 It must also be noted that the warm water
used is not too hot as this will cause discomfort to the deceased.
Important Note: Those performing the Ghusl must
refrain from publicizing any deformities or bad experiences of the deceased to
others.
5. THE KAFFAN (SHROUD)
After the Ghusl has been completed, the body is
dried with a clean towel. The Kaffan is now put on. One single sheet covering
the entire body will accomplish the Fard of the Kaffan (in certain
circumstances or crisis eg. war, etc.)
5.1 The complete Sunnah Kaffan for the male
consists of the following 5 pieces:-
5.1.1 2 full sheets,
5.1.2 Izaar (covering from waste down),
5.1.3 Kafni (kurta), and
5.1.4 Amaama (Turban)
5.2 The complete Sunnah Kaffan for the female
consists of:
5.2.1 Kurta (which covers the lower half of body
as well),
5.2.2 Head Gear (Awrni) which covers the head and
extends over the breasts, and
5.2.3 Three full sheets covering the entire body.
Note: Do not delay the Salaatul Janazah and
Burial.
6. THE METHOD OF PUTTING ON THE KAFFAN
6.1 It is desirable to use dried lobaan (powder),
camphor and sandal in the kaffan.
6.2 Likewise, Ittar can be put by means of cotton
wool, but do not stain the Kaffan.
6.3 Both the hands of the deceased should be left
on its sides. 6.4 When putting on the Kaffan, the Ghusl platform (tray) should
be dried and the Izaar should be put on while the deceased is on the Ghusl
platform.
6.5 After this, put two sheets on the floor and
place the deceased on it.
6.6 After placing the Kaffan on the two sheets,
the Kafni should be put on, followed by the Amaama (Turban) or headgear for the
female.
6.7 When tying the Kaffan, the left of the sheet
must be wrapped over to the right, and then the right of the sheet over to the
left.
6.8 After the Kaffan has been tied, three straps
of cloth must be tied around the deceased. One strap above the head, the second
around the waist and the third below the feet. When the deceased is placed in
the grave, only two straps should be opened. The strap on the waist should not
be released.
Now that the Ghusl is performed and the Kaffan is
tied, no time must be wasted as the Amanah (Deceased) is to be returned.
Proceed for Salaatul Janazah and Burial.
7. THE METHOD OF PERFORMING SALAATUL JANAZAH
As mentioned earlier, it is Fard-e-Kifaayah to
perform the Salaatul Janazah. It is preferable for the lines of Salaatul
Janazah to be in odd numbers, in other words 3,5,7 etc. The method of
performing the Salaatul Janazah is as follows:-
STEP 1: The Imaam must stand facing the deceased.
If it is a male, then the Imaam stands in line with the chest - for a female,
in line with the waist.
Make the Niyah as follows :
Ussali farda salaatil janazahti alaa hadhal
mayyati bi arba'a tabkbeeratin lil laahi ta'ala.
"I am reading Salaah on this deceased with
four Takbeers, obligatroy, for Allah's sake."
Four Takbeers must be recited in the Janazah
Salaah. In these Takbeers, both the hands should be lifted up to the shoulders
(Rafa Yadain).
STEP 2: After the first Takbeer recite Surah
Fateha:
Al humdu lil-lahi Rabbil `alameen ar-Rahman
ir-Raheem Maaliki Yaumid-deen Iyyaka na'budu wa Iyyaka nasta'een
Ihdinas Siraatal Mustaqeem Siraatal ladhina
an`amta `alaihim ghairil maghdubi `alaihim walad-daleen.
STEP 3: After the second Takbir, send salaat upon
the Prophet (sall Allaahu alaihi wasallam). The best and most appropriate
salaat is the one recited in prayers, namely, salaat-i-Ibrahimiyya:
Allahuma salli ala Sayyidina Muhammadin wa alaa
aale
Sayyidina Muhammadin kama salayta alaa Sayyidina
Ibrahima
wa ala aale Sayyidina Ibrahima wa baik allahuma
ala Sayyidina Muhammadin wa ala aale Sayyidina Muhammadin kama
barakta ala Sayyidina Ibrahima wa ala aale
Sayyidina
Ibrahima Innaka hameedum-Majeed.
STEP 4: After the third Takbir, read the
following D'uas:-
Allahum'maghfir lihayyina wa mayyitina wa
shaahidina wa gha'ibina wa sahgeerina wa kabeerina wa dhakarina wa unthana
Allahum'ma man ahyaytahu (ha) mina fa ahyahu (ha) `al al-Islam wa man
tawaffaytahu (ha) minna fa tawaffahu (ha) `al al-Iman.
"O Allah! Forgive our living and our dead
and our present and hidden and our elders and our children and forgive our men
and women. O Allah! Those whom you keep alive from us, keep them alive on Islam
and those from us whom you give death, give them death on Imaan. O Allah!
Pardon him and have Mercy on him and Forgive him"
Allahumma ighfir lahu warhamhu wa `afihi wa 'afu
`anhu wa
akrim nuzulahu wa was'a madkhalahu wa aghsilhu
bil
ma'i wath thalji wal baradi wa naq'ihi minal
khataaya
kama yunaq'qa thaubal abyadu min ad-danasi
wa abdilhu daaran khairam min daarihi wa ahlan
khairam min ahlihi wa
zawjan khairam min zawjihi wa adkhil hul jannata
wa
a'izhu min `adhab il-qabri wa fitnatihi wa min
adhaab an-nar.
"O Allah! Forgive him, and have Mercy on him
and keep him in protection and forgive him. Let his arrival into the grave be a
very respectable one, and broaden his resting place, and cleanse him from his
sins with water, snow and hail".
(This d'ua is found in the Muslim, Tirmidhi, Ibn
Majah and is also narrated by Abu Bakr ibn Shaiba and Auf bin Malik radi Allahu
anhuma)
STEP 5: After the fourth Takbir recite the
following :
Allahuma la tahrimna ajrahu wa la taftinna
ba'dahu
waghfir lana wa lahu warhamna ma`hu bi rahmatika
Yaa Arhamar Raahimeen.
"O Allah! Do not deprive us of his reward
and after him, do not put us in fitna and pardon us and him and with him have
Mercy upon us through your Mercy, O Most Merciful"
STEP 6: After reciting this D'ua, make the two
Salaams. This will terminate the Salaat al-Janazah.
(Note: If the deceased is a female, then in place
of "Hu" one must read "Ha" eg, "ighfir lahu"
becomes "ighfir laha" and the suffix "ka" denoting
possession will become "ki" eg, "Dinika" will become
"Diniki")
8. THE ARKAAN (PILLARS) OF SALAATUL JANAZAH
There are seven arkaans (pillars) of Salaatul
Janazah. They are:-
8.1 Niyyah
8.2 Four Takbeers
8.3 Qira`at (Sura Fatiha)
8.4 Salaat on the Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi
wasallam)
8.5 D'ua for the deceased
8.6 First Salaam
8.7 Standing for those who can (in Salaatul
Janazah)
9. WHO MUST BE THE IMAAM FOR Salaatul Janazah
The one most worthy of Imamat of Salaatul Janazah
is the father of the deceased, then his grandfather and all those above him
(great grandfather etc.) The person next most worthy is the son from both
parents, then grandsons etc, then that son who is only from the father, and
their sons, then the paternal uncles who are from both parents, then those only
from the father, and then the nephews of the deceased, and then the paternal
grandfather, mother etc. If two people worthy of Imamat are present, eg. two
brothers or two uncles, then the one who is elder should be given this duty. It
must be noted that at all times, I'lm-ad-Din and piety surpasses all ranks.
10. SALAAH FOR THE ABSENT DECEASED
The Salaatul Janazah of a person who passed away
outside the town is permissible in the Shafi'i Madhab. This is commonly known
as Salaah of the Unseen or Salaatul Ghaa'ib. Those persons who are worthy of
performing his or her Salaah during his or her death are the ones who should
perform this Salaah. When performing the Salaatul Janazah of Ghaa'ib, instead
of the words "`alaa hadhal mayyati" one must read,
"`alal-mayyatil ghaa'ib".
11. JANAZAH OF A CHILD OF MISCARRIAGE
In the case of a miscarriage which occurs before
the child is four months old, the child must be wrapped in a cloth and buried.
If the miscarriage occurred at four months or after this period, then it is
compulsory to give Ghusl and Kaffan. If the child showed any signs of motion
while in the womb of the mother, then Salaatul Janazah must also be performed.
12. JANAZAH OF A SHAHEED (MARTYR)
A Shaheed is that person who is killed in defence
of Islam against the Kuffar. The Martyr will neither be given Ghusl nor will
Salaatul Janazah be read for him. This will also apply if he passed away in the
state of Janabat. One who dies after the battle is not regarded as a Shaheed.
The Shaheed must be covered with his clothes of Shahadah, even thought they be
stained with blood
13. BURIAL OF THE DECEASED
The grave should be dug deep enough so that no
odour will emerge from it and no scavengers may enter the grave. It is Mustahab
(desirable), to make the grave as wide as both hand lengths and that the depth
of the grave should be that of the height of the deceased. Only males are
allowed to enter the grave. Those more worthy of entering the grave are those
who are worthy of performing the Janazah Salaah. It is best for the husband to
lower his wife into the grave. It is not permissible to take the deceased from
the city of demise to another city. However, if you are close to Makkatul
Mukarramah, Madinatul Munawwarah or Baitul Muqqadas, then you should take the
deceased there. If the deceased had made a Wasiyah (will) to be buried in
another city, then this must not be carried out.
It is Haraam to exhume the body from the grave or
to take the body elsewhere for any invalid reason. However, the grave can be
opened for a valid reason, eg. if the person was buried without Ghusl or made
to face another direction other than the Qibla, or if anything very important
fell into the grave, or if the deceased was buried in a plot which was
embezzled or if the person was given stolen Kaffan. In the above cases, it
becomes compulsory to open the grave and make the necessary changes. All these
can only be done if the body is in a good state.
14. LOWERING THE DECEASED INTO THE GRAVE
14.1 The deceased must be brought as close as
possible to the grave.
14.2 The head should be lowered into the grave
followed by the feet, or otherwise the whole body at once.
14.3 While the body is being lowered into the
grave, the following D'ua is recited:-
Bismillahi wa `ala millati Rasoolillaahi
sall-Allahu alaihi wasallam.
"In the name of Allah and on the tradition
of Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)".
14.4 The deceased must be made to lie on his or
her right-hand side, so that the face and chest faces the Qibla.
14.5 A small amount of sand may be placed at the
back to keep the body in place. A small amount of sand should also be place
under the head.
14.6 The grave should then be closed with pieces
of timber, and then covered (filled) with sand. While doing this, it is Sunnah
to throw three handful of sand into the grave, reciting the following Ayah:-
1st hand:
Minhaa Khalaqnaakum
"Out of this earth we have created
you".
2nd hand:
wa Feeha Nu`eedukum
"And into this earth we return you".
3rd hand:
wa min haa Nukhrijukum Taaratan Ukhra
"And out of this earth shall we raise you
the second time".
14.7 It is Sunnah to sprinkle water over the
grave after the burial. While sprinkling water, read:-
Saqa Allahu Sarahu (ha) wa Barrad-Allahu
Madja'ahu (ha) wa ja`l al-Jannata maswahu (ha)
"May Allah his dust and make his resting
place cool
and make Jannah his home".
15. COMFORTING THE FAMILY OF THE DECEASED
It is Mustahab (desirable) to comfort the family
of the deceased. When comforting, say: "May Almighty Allah bless you
greatly, and may He bless you with something in change of your sorrow and may
Allah forgive the deceased". It is Mustahab for the neighbours to give
food for one day and one night to the family.
16. SAWG (MOURNING THE DECEASED)
Sawg means to abstain from decorating and
beautifying oneself. It is compulsory for a women to be in Sawg during the
Iddat period after the death of her husband. It is haraam to wear colourful
clothing for adornment during Sawg. It is also not permissible to oil the hair,
wear gold and other jewellery, use perfume or surma. It is permissible to use
at night due to weakness of the eye but it must be removed before morning.
Women are allowed to clean their house, make the beds, and comb their hair.
When the Iddat has been completed, women can marry again. With the exception of
the death of her husband, the wife is not allowed to make Sawg for more than
three days. (Iddat period after death is three months, and after divorce is 4
months 10 days)
17. TALQEEN
The Talqeen should be read at the grave of the
deceased after everyone has left. Talqeen is recited to assist the deceased in
the grave. It assists the deceased to answer the questions of the grave when
facing Munkar and Nakeer the two Angels of the grave. The Talqeen should be
read while sitting beside the grave and facing the direction of the Qibla.
17.1 First Talqeen
Laa ilaaha illallahu Muhammadur Rasoolullah. La
ilaaha ill allahu Wahdahu la Shareeka lahu lahul Mulku wa lahul Hamdu Yuhyi wa
Yumitu wa Huwa Hayyun Daaimun Qaa'imun Qaahirun Qaadirun Aadilun Faadilun
Kaamilul laa Yanaamu wa laa Yamutu wa laa Yafutu wa la yahulu wa laa Yazulu
Abadan Abada. Dhul-jalaali Wal Ikraam. Biyadihil Khairu wa Huwa `ala Kulli
Shayyin Qadeer. Kullu Man `alaiha faaniw wa yabqa wajhu Rabika zuljalaali wal
Ikraam. Kul'loo Nafsin Zaa'katul Mawti wa Innama tuwaf'fawna Ujoorakum Yaumal
Qiyaamah. Fa man Zuhzihaa anin Naari wa udkhilal jannata faqad faaz. wa Mal
Hayaatud Dunya Il'la Mata'ul Ghuroor. Minha Khalaqnaakum lil amali was sawaabi
wa fee haa nueedukum lil qabri wat Turaabi wa min haa Nukhrijukum Taaratan
Ukhra lil Ba si wal Hisaab.
"There is none worthy of worship but Allah,
Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) is the Messenger of Allah. There is
none worthy of worship but Allah, There is none equal to Him. The entire
universe belongs to Him and all Praise is for Him. It is He who gives life and
it is He who causes death and He is existing. He is from eternity. He is the
one with Wrath and The powerful, He is Just, One who blesses and full of
Perfection. He does not sleep and nor can He die. He can neither be changed or
destroyed and there is no end to His existence. He will always be in existence,
One who is full of wonders and splendour. Every soul will taste death and
without any doubt, he will get his full share, (what is due to you) on the day
of reckoning. Thus he who has been kept away from Hell and put into Heaven has
been successful. And what is the life of this world except commodities of
deception. We have created you from dust and we return you towards it in the
grave and the sand and we will raise you from the same (earth) to answer for
your deeds in the Hereafter".
17.2 Talqeen for Adult Male and Female
(Commence with the following words if the
deceased is a male):
Ya Abdallahi Ya ibna Amatallaahi Udhkuril Ahdal
lazi Kharajta
"O Servant of Allah! O son of the slave of
Allah! Remember that pledge...."
(Commence with the following words if the
deceased is a female):
Ya Ammatallaahi binta Haw'wa Udhkur il-Ahd
alladhi Kharajti
"O Slave (female) of Allah! O daughter of
Haw'wa!
Remember that pledge..... "
and continue with the following Talqeen:
`Alaihi min daar id-dunya ila daar il-akhirati.
wa huwa shahaadatu Al laa ilaaha il-allahu wa An na Muhammadar Rasoolullahi wa
annal-Jannata Haqqu wa an-nan Naaru Haqqu wa anna al-Mowtu Haqqu wa anna Munkar
wan Naqeera Haqqun wa annas Su'ala Haqqun wa annal-Jawaaba Haqqun wa
annal-Hisaaba Haqqun wa annal-Mizaana Haqqun wa annal-Ba`atha Haqqun wa
annal-Hawda Haqqun wa annal-Qisausa Haqqun wa Annash Shafa ata Haqqun wa Annas
Sirauta Haqqun wa annal-Hashra Haqqun wa Anna Rooyatallahi ta'aala fil jannati
lil momineena Haqqun wa Annas Sa`ata atiyatun laa raiba Feeha wa ann-Allaaha
Yab`athu man fil qubur. Al aana Ya Tiyaanikal (kil) malakaanil muwakalaani
falaa yufziaka (ki) wa laa Ya`uaka (ki) wa laa Yurhibaka (ki) Fa innama huma
khalqum min khalq illaahi fa idhaa sa'alaka (ki) `an Rabbika (ki) wa `an
Nabbiyika (ki) wa `ani Deenika (ki) wa `an Qiblatika (ki) Faqul (Faqooli)
lahumaa Allahu Rabbi wa Muhammadun Nabiyyi wal Islaamu Deeni wal Kaabatu
Qiblati wal Quraanu Imaami wal Muminoona kulluhum Ikhwaani.
Thabbataka(ki)-allaahu wa Iyy'ana wa Jami` al-Mu'mineena Bil qawl ith-thaabiti.
Thabbat allaah-ulladhina Aamanu bil qawl ith-thaabiti fi dunya wal Aakhirah. wa
Yudillullahudh-dhaalimeen. wa Yaf`alullaahu Ma Yasha'a. Ya Ayyatu-han Nafsul Mutma'ina-turji`ee
ila Rabbiki Raadiyatam Mardiyya, Fadkhuli Fi `Ibaadi wa adkhuli Jannati.
Allahumma ighfirli Ahlil Quboori minal mu'mineena wal mu'minaat wal Muslimeena
wal muslimaat. Wa `jal-illahumma fi Quburihim ud-Diya'a Wan Nura Wal-Maghfirata
`alaa Ahlil Quburi Bi Rahmatika Ya Arhamar Raahimeen"
pledge.... "with which you have left the
abode of the world for the abode of the Hereafter and which is testimony to
this, that there is none worthy of worship except Allah and without any doubt
Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) is His Messenger and without doubt,
Jannat, Jahannum, death, Munkar and Nakeer, Questioning of the grave, Answering
in the grave, Answering for your deeds, The Mizaan (scale), to be raised again,
to repay (for your sins), intercession, Siraat (The bridge), the Day of
Reckoning and the seeing of Almighty Allah for the believers in Jannat are all
Haq (True), and it is a reality that Qiyamah will come, and there is not doubt
in it. Without any doubt, Allah will raise those who are in their graves. Very
soon the two appointed Angels of the grave will come to you, then they should
not alarm you and they should not frighten you nor put fear into you, Without
doubt, even both of them, are the servants of Allah. When they question you concerning,
Your Allah, and Your Nabi, and your Religion, and Your Qibla, then you say to
them, Allah Almighty is my Lord, and Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) is
my Nabi and Islam is my religion and the Holy Kaaba is my Qibla, and the Quran
is my guide, and all the believers are my brothers. May Almighty Allah keep you
and I, and all the believers' established on the words of firmness. Almighty
Allah will keep all the believers steadfast on the words of steadfastness in
this world and in the Hereafter, and Almighty Allah will drive away the
oppressors. Allah does as He pleases. O peaceful soul! return towards your
Creator. Happily and with pleasure, join the register of my servants and enter
my Jannat. O Allah pardon the dwellers of the grave who are Muslim men and
Muslim women, and believing men and believing women and O Allah establish light
and brightness on their graves and forgive the dwellers of the grave through
your Mercy, O Most Merciful".
17.3 Talqeen for a Male and Female Child
Bismillahir Rahmaan nir Raheem la ilaaha illal
laahu Muhammadur Rasoolullah. La ilaaha ill -allahu wahdahu la shareeka lah
lahul mulku wa lahul hamd yuhi wa yumeetu wa Huwa Hayyun Daa'imun Qaa'imun
Qaahirun Qaadirun `Adilun Faadilun Kaamilul laa Yanaamu wa Laa yamutu wa yahoolu
wa laa yazulu abadan abada. Dhul Jalaali wal Ikraami biyadihil khairu wa huwa
`alaa kulli shayyin Qadeer. Allahumma wa haadhat-tiflul ladhi lam yablugh
il-ahlaama wa lam yajri `alaihil aqlaamu wa lam yaksib il-khataaya wal aathaam.
Khalaqtahu (ha) bi rahmatika wa tawafaytahu (ha) bi iraadatika wa huwa (hiya)
min `ibaadik as-saaliheen. Allahum `ajalhu (ha) li-waalidayhi (ha) fartan wa
zukhra wa `izzatan wa I'tibaaran wasalafan wa shafee'an wa thaqqil bihi (ha)
mawaazinahuma wa afrigh is-sabra `alaa quloobihima wa laa taftin huma ba'dahu
(ha) wal laa tahrimhuma ajrahu (ha) bi Rahmatika ya Arhamar Raahimeen.
"Allah in the name of, The Compassionate
Most Merciful. There is none worthy of worship except Allah. Muhammad (sallal
laahu alaihi wasallam) is the Messenger of Allah. There is none worthy of
worship except Allah, and He is One. There is none equal to him. Everything
belongs to Him and all Praise is for Him. He who gives life and causes death.
He is existing. Forever existing. He is the powerful, the One who gives
punishment. He is full of Perfection. He does not feel sleep, He cannot be
destroyed, nor can He be changed and there is no end for Him. He will always be
existing. He is the one who is full of Miracles and Wrath. In his power is
benefit and He has control over everything. O Allah, This child is such, that
he did not reach maturity and the pen (of Hisaab) has not been applied on him,
and no errors and sins have been made by him. You have created him with Your
Mercy and You have given him death with Your Judgement, and he is from Your
pious servants. O Allah, You make him a means, a treasure, advice, comforter
and intercessor unto his parents. And give weight to their scales (mizaan) on
his behalf and give patience in their hearts, and do not allow them into any
sedition and do not deprive them of his reward via your Mercy, O Most
Merciful".
18. ETHICS OF VISITING THE GRAVE
It is Mustahab (desirable) for the men to visit
the grave. It is sunnah to visit the graves of relatives especially the graves
of one's parents, even though they be far away. It more excellent to visit the
graves on Fridays. The manner and ethics of visiting the graves is that the
person going to the graveyard should be in a state of Taharah (cleanliness).
When proceeding towards the graveyard, one should be engrossed in dhikr and
Tilawah. One should remove his shoes outside the graveyard. One should stand at
the leg-side, and not the head-side of the grave. When entering the grave one
should read the following:
As Salaamu Alaikum daara qaumim mu'mineena wa
innaa Inshaa Allahu bikum laahiqoon. Nas'al-ullahu lana wa lakum ul-`aafiyata.
Allahuma la tahrimnaa ajrahum wa laa taftinna ba'dahum waghfir lana wa lahum
war-hamna ma`ahum.
"Peace be upon you, O dwellers of the grave,
Group of believers and if Allah wins,
then very soon we will unite with you. We pray to Almighty Allah for our and
your harmony. O Allah do not deprive us
from his reward and after him, do not test us and forgive all of us and all of
them and with them, have Mercy on us".
The person should then sit towards the face of
the deceased, recite the verses of the Quran and make D'ua-i-Maghfirah with
both hands lifted towards the sky. It is also permissible and a means of great
Thawaab to make Ziyaarah to the graves of the Awliya Allah.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ARKAANUS SALAAH SHAFI'I, Muhammad Ibrahim
Wazir Mia Rumaanul Qadri
2. FIQH-E-MAKHDOOMI, Qutb-e-Kokan, Hazrat
Makhdoom Maahimi (radi Allahu anhu)
3. I'AANATUT TAALIBEEN, As Sayyid Abi Bakr
4. KITAABUL UMM, Imam Shafi'i (radi Allahu anhu)
5. SHAFA'I BAHISHTI ZEWAR, Mawlana Muhammad Ismat
Compiled by the Imam Ahmed Raza Academy South
Africa
